MOSFET
2N7000
Small-signal N-channel MOSFET, TO-92 — 60V drain rating and 200mA absolute current ceiling.
2N7000 · onsemi
Overview
A tiny N-channel enhancement-mode MOSFET for low-current switching, with essentially no steady-state gate current. Do not confuse its 1–3V threshold with a guaranteed fully-on voltage: onsemi specifies RDS(on) at 4.5V and 10V gate drive, not at 3.3V. A 5V GPIO can use the characterized 4.5V condition; a 3.3V design must tolerate uncertain, higher on-resistance or choose a MOSFET explicitly characterized at 2.5–3.3V. The 200mA drain-current figure is an absolute rating, not a recommended load current, and the TO-92 package is limited to 350mW at 25°C.
Wiring tip: gate → GPIO (through a series resistor), source → GND, drain → load return
Pins & wiring
2N7000
TO-92
Physical pin order shown left to right.
All pins
Hover · click to selectSelected pin
SOURCE
- Direction
- Passive
Full pin table
| Pin | Name | Role | Direction | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ground | Passive | — | |
| 2 | GPIO | In | TO-92, flat side facing you, leads pointing down: pins left-to-right are Source, Gate, Drain. This orientation is the single most important thing to get right — mirror it and you'll either fry the part or never turn the load on. Confirm against the datasheet's package diagram before soldering blind. | |
| 3 | Other | Passive | Connects to the load's return side (e.g. the bottom of a relay coil), not directly to a board pin. |
Wiring examples
Low-side switch for a small DC load
Any 5V hostGPIO drives the gate through a series resistor; a pull-down keeps the FET off during boot; a flyback diode protects it from an inductive load like a relay coil.
| 2N7000 pin | Connects to | Note |
|---|---|---|
| GATE | host Digital out (any matching pin) | Through a 100–220Ω series gate resistor. |
| SOURCE | host Ground (any matching pin) | — |
You also need
- Required150 Ω resistor between gpio and gate — Limits inrush/ringing when the GPIO switches and protects the pin if the gate is ever shorted.
- Required100 kΩ resistor between gate and ground — Holds the gate low while the MCU is resetting/booting (GPIOs float during that window) so the FET doesn't turn on unintentionally.
- Required diode between load+ and drain — Clamps the inductive kick when an inductive load (relay coil, small motor) switches off — without it the drain sees a voltage spike that can exceed the 60V Vds rating.
- The load's own ground/return must be common with the MCU's ground — a MOSFET low-side switch only works if source and load share a return path.
- 200mA is the ceiling here. For a motor, a strip of LEDs, or anything pulling more than ~150mA, use IRLZ44N instead.
- At 3.3V gate drive, on-resistance is not guaranteed by the onsemi datasheet. Use this only where extra voltage drop/heating is acceptable, or select a MOSFET characterized at 2.5–3.3V.
Specifications
Footprint
No independently verified physical footprint is on file for this part yet.
Alternatives
Upgrades
Strictly better on the headline spec, but expect to touch firmware or wiring to actually use the difference.
Needs to switch more than ~150–200mA, or wants much lower on-resistance for less self-heating.
Compare with 2N7000- Continuous Id: 0.2A → 47A — Bigger TO-220 package, different footprint/pinout order on the drain/source current path.
Similar parts
Does the same job with a different part. Expect wiring and library changes — a starting point, not a guarantee.
A BJT alternative for the same job — draws continuous base current (needs a base resistor sized for current gain) instead of the MOSFET's near-zero static gate current.
Compare with 2N7000- Switching element: MOSFET (voltage-controlled) → BJT (current-controlled)
Documents
Datasheets
Product pages
- 2N7000 product pageonsemi
Frequently asked questions
What voltage does the 2N7000 run at?
Banana Board does not have a verified operating voltage on file for the 2N7000 yet — check the datasheet in Documents before wiring it up.
How many pins does the 2N7000 have?
The 2N7000 has 3 pins, communicating over Digital. See the full pinout table in Pins & wiring for each pin's role.
Can I simulate the 2N7000 before ordering hardware?
Not yet — the 2N7000 does not have a live simulation model in Banana Board today, so validate the wiring here and test on real hardware.
Where is the 2N7000 datasheet?
Linked in the Documents section on this page, and cited on every spec that came from it.
Related references
Build it, do not just look it up
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