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Practical electronics & AI hardware guides
Hands-on guides to the things that actually trip people up — Arduino and ESP32 pins, PCB trace widths, choosing a board — plus honest explainers on how AI hardware design works.
Arduino Uno vs ESP32 vs Raspberry Pi Pico: which board should you use?
Three of the most popular maker boards, compared honestly on speed, memory, wireless, voltage, and price — with a clear recommendation for common project types.
Read guideHow wide should a PCB trace be? IPC-2221 current capacity, explained
Undersized traces overheat; oversized traces waste space. A practical explanation of the IPC-2221 trace-width rule — copper weight, temperature rise, and the numbers that actually matter.
Read guideThe Arduino Uno pinout, explained: PWM, interrupts, I2C, SPI, and analog
A practical tour of the Arduino Uno's pins — which do PWM, which handle interrupts, where I2C and SPI live, and the current limits that quietly kill pins — with the exact pin numbers.
Read guideESP32 GPIO pitfalls: strapping pins, input-only pins, and the ADC2 Wi-Fi trap
The ESP32 has 34 GPIOs but you can't use them interchangeably. A practical guide to the pins that will bite you: flash pins, input-only pins, strapping pins, and why ADC2 dies with Wi-Fi on.
Read guideHow AI turns a sentence into a validated PCB (and where it still can't)
A clear, honest look at the pipeline that turns a plain-English circuit description into validated firmware, wiring, and a fab-ready 2-layer PCB — and the limits worth knowing.
Read guideBuild it, do not just look it up
Describe your circuit in one sentence and Banana Board wires it to these exact pins, validates it, and lays out a fab-ready PCB.